Basic principles of grinding process

Grinding is a precision machining process that is used when other metal cutting methods fail to meet the accuracy and finish requirements of the workpiece. Grinding is usually done by hand, adding abrasive between the grinding tool and the abrasive surface, and grinding a thin metal layer from the surface of the part to achieve a high precision and high surface finish. With the development of the machinery industry, grinding has gradually become mechanized.

The basic principle of the grinding process is that the abrasive grains are subjected to micro-cutting of the workpiece by a lap, which involves a combination of physical and chemical effects.

Grinding method

The grinding equipment is simple, easy to operate, low in cost and easy to repair. There are two types of grinding methods. When we are grinding, we should choose according to the different technical requirements of the workpiece. For workpieces with high finish requirements, they can be polished after grinding.

1. Pressing and grinding method

Suitable for workpieces with a dimensional accuracy of around 1 micron and a surface finish of Ra16 or higher. It is based on physical effects and has a chemical role.

During the work, the fine powder particles are evenly spread on the surface of the two laps, so that the two laps are mutually opposed to insert the fine powder into the working surface of the lap to form a multi-edge grinding surface having a certain degree of fastness. After the workpiece is ground by the lap which is embedded with the particles, the surface is finely grained, and accurate dimensional accuracy and high surface finish can be obtained. The grinding efficiency is inferior to the following coating and grinding method, and there are certain requirements for the cleaning of the work site. Therefore, it is preferable to use a coating grinding method for grinding a workpiece of a general precision.

2. Coating and grinding method

The workpiece of general precision can be achieved by grinding on the basis of grinding and grinding by coating and grinding. It is based on physical effects and has a chemical role. In operation, the coating abrasive is applied to the surface of the lap or the workpiece for grinding, and the abrasive particles are in a floating semi-moving state between the lap and the surface of the workpiece, thereby performing a combination of rolling, rubbing and grinding on the surface of the workpiece. . When grinding by coating and grinding, the use time of the lap should not be too long, and it is necessary to ensure sufficient lubricating fluid, otherwise the abrasive grains will gradually change from floating to sluggish and static, and the effect on the workpiece becomes "scraping", not only The workpiece does not meet the expected quality requirements, and the finished surface will be scratched and the like. The processing accuracy is not as high as that of the press-fit method.